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North Cyprus History Cyprus is located at the crossroads of Asia, Africa and Europe. The island is small but it owns a vast cultural heritage. All over the island you will come across ancient sites and monuments. The island has witnessed more than 9000 years of history. The history in North Cyprus dates back to the Neolithic Age in 7000 BC.Then back in history there were settlements only along the north and south coasts of the island. In 1400 BC, the first Greeks came to the island. These were Mycenae merchants and the first to start the Hyalinization of the island. Cyprus was considered a Greek island until 1050 BC. The language, culture and religion of Greece was by then well established. Starting from 750 BC TRNC was conquered by Assyria, Egypt and Persia several times. In 333 BC Alexander the Great claimed that Cyprus was a part of his empire. The Hellenist Empire continued up to 58 BC and then became part of the Roman Empire. When Saint Paul converted to Christianity Cyprus then becomes the first to be governed by a Christian. When the Roman Empire divided the inland it became a part of Byzantium, with Constantinople as its capital city. In 1191 AD Turkish Republic of North Cyprus was defeated by Richard the Lion heart who sold the island to the Knights Templar and then they resold it to Guy de Lusignan. Between the years 1192 to 1489 Cyprus was ruled according to a feudal system and the official religion is Catholicism. But in 1489 the control of the island passed to the Venetians who build walls around the towns of Nicosia and Famagusta in order to strengthen the islands security. However this did not help much and in 1571 when the Ottoman troops invaded the island and became part of the Ottoman Empire. This is the first time that Islam was introduced to the island and this led to the abolishment of Catholicism.
In 1878, under the Cyprus Convention, Britain assumed administration of Cyprus but TRNC remained part of the Ottoman Empire. However In 1914 when the Ottomans entered the First World War with the Germans, Britain annexes Cyprus. In the year 1923 Turkey abandoned all rights over Cyprus and in 1925 Cyprus becomes a Crown colony. A battle took place against colonial rule in 1955, which lasted for five years until 1960. Then the island was granted its independence with two communities sharing it; the Turkish and Greek Cypriots. In 1963 the relationship between these two communities had weakened. It was not long before a civil war began, and the United Nations sent in troops aiming to restore peace. This led to the creation of the Green Line, which effectively divided both communities. One year later in 1974 Greece attempted a military coup in conjunction with the Greek National Guard to gain control over the whole island and on the 20th July 1974, Turkey, after consulting Britain intervened in Cyprus military aiming to protect the Turkish Cypriot community. Since then the island has remained divided into two and on the 15th November 1983 The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus was established. Internal peace has been established on the island and border checkpoints allow both Turkish and Greek Cypriots free access to the whole of the island with ID and passport control. |
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